The History of Giving Flowers: A Tradition Rooted in Emotion and Meaning
The act of giving flowers may feel like a timeless and universal gesture—and in many ways, it is. Across cultures and centuries, flowers have served as silent messengers of love, sorrow, celebration, and hope. But where did this tradition begin, and how has it evolved over time? Here’s a look at the rich history of flower giving, from ancient rituals to modern-day bouquets.
Ancient Beginnings: Symbolism in Early Civilizations
Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans were among the first to attach symbolic meanings to flowers. In Ancient Egypt, flowers were part of religious ceremonies, funerals, and offerings to the gods. The lotus flower, in particular, held spiritual significance, symbolizing rebirth and the sun. In Ancient Greece, flowers were used to honor the gods and goddesses, especially Aphrodite, the goddess of love. Similarly, Romans used floral crowns to celebrate victory and love. They were also known to adorn banquet halls and public celebrations with fresh blooms.
Medieval and Renaissance Europe: Flowers as Secret Language
In the Middle Ages, flowers gained additional significance due to their presence in Christian art and literature. The rose, for example, became a symbol of the Virgin Mary and purity. However, it was during the Renaissance that flower symbolism began to flourish. European nobility often exchanged flowers in romantic courtship, while artists used them in paintings to convey layered meanings.
The Victorian Era: The Language of Flowers (Floriography)
Arguably the most influential period in the history of flower-giving was the Victorian era (1837–1901). This was a time when direct expression of feelings—especially romantic ones—was considered improper. As a result, the Victorians developed floriography, a coded language where each flower, and even its color or arrangement, carried specific meanings. For example:
- Red roses = deep love
- Yellow carnations = disappointment
- Lavender = devotion
- Forget-me-nots = remembrance
Flower dictionaries were published, and people carefully curated bouquets to deliver heartfelt, often secret, messages.
20th Century to Today: Commercialization and Celebration
As societies modernized, the tradition of flower-giving transitioned from symbolic messaging to a more universal gesture of sentiment. Thanks to innovations in horticulture and global trade, flowers became widely accessible year-round. Key moments in flower-giving culture include:
- Mother’s Day and Valentine’s Day became major holidays for florists.
- War-time letters often included pressed flowers or references to blossoms back home.
- Modern weddings, funerals, and birthdays commonly include floral arrangements to mark the occasion with beauty and grace.
Today, the act of giving flowers may be less coded than in the Victorian era, but it remains deeply emotional and meaningful.
Flowers in Global Cultures
Around the world, flowers are celebrated in diverse ways:
- Japan: Cherry blossoms (sakura) are revered, with entire festivals dedicated to their short-lived beauty.
- India: Marigolds are central to religious offerings, weddings, and Diwali decorations.
- Mexico: Marigolds are also a major part of Día de los Muertos, guiding spirits to their altars.
- Hawaii: Leis made of fresh flowers are given as symbols of welcome, love, and farewell.
Each culture brings its own interpretations and rituals, proving that the act of gifting flowers is both personal and culturally rich.
The Power of Blooms
From ancient temples to digital flower delivery apps, the act of giving flowers remains a powerful human tradition. Whether offering congratulations, sympathy, love, or apology, flowers transcend language, culture, and time. They speak with color, scent, and grace—reminding us that even the simplest gift can carry the deepest meaning.
"Flowers always make people better, happier, and more helpful; they are sunshine, food and medicine for the soul." – Luther Burbank